La localización de la Zona de Convergencia Intertropical (ITCZ) se puede establecer en función de la convergencia de corrientes de vientos alisios provenientes del hemisferio norte y sur. Esta zona tiene una gran relevancia climática pues incide directamente en la distribución de precipitaciones en las regiones ecuatoriales y tropicales a escala global. En este trabajo se desarrolla una metodología para localizar la ITCZ, empleando un algoritmo de convergencia en el campo vectorial de velocidades de viento obtenido del modelo de reanálisis atmosférico ERA Interim. Esta metodología resulta única, pues parte de un concepto robusto de análisis de gradientes y consigue un rango de la localización de la ITCZ en períodos de tiempo registrados históricamente, lo cual no se ha encontrado en estudios previos. La metodología consiste en una serie de algoritmos individuales que permiten limpiar, segmentar y depurar los datos de convergencia hasta obtener mapas que simplifican su visualización empleando MATLAB®. Se obtienen como resultado rangos estadísticos de la localización de la ITCZ en cada mes de 41 años de datos disponibles, patrones de desplazamiento meridional, y también mapas de contraste entre la localización mensual acumulada y la localización en meses de años en los que se manifestó El Niño Oscilación del Sur (ENSO) para mostrar una posible correlación.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
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